The high-voltage cable is connected to the high-voltage generator and the X-ray tube head in the large and medium-sized x-ray machines. The function is to send the high voltage output by the high voltage generator to the two poles of the x-ray tube, and send the heating voltage of the filament to the filament of the x-ray tube.
The structure of high-voltage cables: There are two types of coaxial (concentric circle) and non-coaxial (non-concentric circle) arrangements according to the core line. 1. Conductive core wire
The innermost layer of high-voltage cables. Each core wire is composed of multiple strands of thin copper wires, and is covered with insulating skin. Insulation requirements: withstand 50Hz, 1000V alternating current test for 5 minutes without breakdown. Two hearts are dedicated to single focus X-ray tubes, and three hearts are dedicated to dual focus X-ray tubes. (There is insulation between the core wires)
2. Insulation layer
Outside the core wire, is the main insulation layer of the high-voltage cable, which is made of rubber and chemical raw materials, and the thickness is between 4.5-13mm. It has good mechanical strength and toughness, and can be bent within a certain range. The withstand voltage requirement is generally 50-200kV.
3. Semiconductor layer
Close to the insulating layer, made of semiconductor material and rubber, gray-black, 1-1.5mm thick. The function is to eliminate the electrostatic field between the outer surface of the insulating layer and the metal shielding layer.
4. Metal shielding layer
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It is braided with tinned copper wire with a diameter of not more than 0.3, and the braid density is not less than 50%, or it is wrapped with tinned copper wire mesh tape, and it is closely attached to the semiconductor layer. The two ends of the cable are welded to the high-voltage plug horn. , Grounded through a fixed ring. The role of the metal shielding layer is to prevent electric shock to the operator or patient when the high-voltage cable breaks down, so as to ensure personal safety.
5. Protective layer
The outermost layer is mostly made of plastic, which is thought to be woven with black cotton yarn and vinylon thread. The function is to strengthen the mechanical protection of the cable, reduce external damage, and prevent harmful gas, oil and ultraviolet rays from harming the cable.
Precautions for using high-voltage cables: Prevent excessive bending. The bending radius should not be less than 5-8 times the diameter of the cable, so as not to cause cracks and reduce the insulation strength. Always keep the cables dry and clean to avoid the erosion of oil, moisture and harmful gases to avoid rubber aging.